SWOT analysis is a strategic planning tool used to identify and evaluate the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats involved in a project or business venture. It is a comprehensive framework that helps organizations and individuals understand their internal capabilities and challenges, as well as external factors that may impact their success.

Problem Tree Analysis, also known as "Issue-Cause-Effect" analysis, is a visual tool used in project management, strategic planning, and problem-solving. It provides a systematic approach to understanding and addressing complex issues by breaking them down into their constituent parts. The analysis is represented in a diagram resembling a tree, with the core problem as the trunk, its effects as branches, and the underlying causes as roots.

The Delphi Method is a forecasting process and communication framework that leverages the insights of a panel of experts to arrive at a group consensus or decision. The process involves sending out questionnaires to experts, aggregating their responses, and sharing the summarized insights with the group after each round. Experts then have the opportunity to adjust their answers in subsequent rounds based on the evolving group response. The ultimate goal is to achieve a true consensus of expert opinions.

The Nominal Group Technique (NGT) is a structured group decision-making process that encourages the active participation of all members while minimizing the influence of dominant individuals. NGT was developed to overcome some of the limitations of traditional brainstorming methods and enhance the quality of group decision-making.

Collaborative Problem Solving (CPS) is an approach to addressing complex problems by involving multiple individuals or groups in the problem-solving process. It emphasizes teamwork, communication, and shared decision-making to arrive at effective solutions.